The Blanket Ban for Civil Servants to Exhibit Religious Symbols in France Examined by Strasbourg Judges
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Abstract
In the "Ebrahimian v. France" judgment of 26 November 2015, the European Court of Human Rights held by majority that the decision of the French administration not to renew the claimant contract as a social worker in a public institution of social and medical care in Paris because of her refusal to remove, while carrying out her functions, a headdress revealing her adherence to the Muslim faith, was compatible with Article 9 (2) of the European Convention on Human Rights.
Keywords
- Visible Religious Symbols
- Principles of Secularism and Neutrality
- Public Service
- Margin of Appreciation
- Proportionality