Abstract

The study aims to investigate the levels of post-traumatic growth and loneliness in a sample of young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. A further objective is to investigate the correlations between post-traumatic growth and loneliness and specific contingent factors, such as future orientation and fears associated with the pandemic. Finally, this study aims to investigate gender differences and socio-demographic differences in the above psychological variables. Materials and methods: A sample of young adults was recruited through an online survey. Post-traumatic growth was evaluated through the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI); loneliness levels were evaluated through the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Future orientation scales and pandemic-associated fears were also explored through the Multidimensional Assessment of COVID-19-Related Fears (MAC-RF). Results: The study included 373 participants (mean age 24.02 years). Moderate levels of loneliness and post-traumatic growth have been reported. Young women reported higher post-traumatic growth, greater future orientation, and less fear than men; no significant gender differences in levels of loneliness emerged. Those who lost their jobs during the pandemic or were forced to change their jobs experienced increased post-traumatic growth. Young adults who have reported at least one acquaintance or loved one infected with SARS-cov-2 virus have reported a greater Spiritual Change (post-traumatic growth domain). Ultimately, a mediation model showed that subjects with high levels of perceived loneliness could effectively expose themselves to reduced post-traumatic growth in the presence of low levels of future orientation. Conclusion: Loneliness and post-traumatic growth represent two core factors among young adults during the pandemic. Further evidence is needed to clarify how post-traumatic growth can be a factor of psychological adaptation for young adults, with relevant implications especially for the implementation of person-centered interventions. Similarly, loneliness and a sense of social connection should be factors on which designing tailored interventions aimed at promoting psychological well-being and reducing maladaptive behaviour