Abstract

The paper offers an interpretation of recent policy developments in Italy and in Europe. The attention is concentrated on the analytical distinction between negotiated policies and deliberative policies. The two contrasting models are evaluated against their inherent strenghts and shortcomings. The policy by contract are analysed as handling under constraint, the policies implicating participation and deliberation are seen in the context of the gradual implementation of the institutional criterium of subsidiarity. On the basis of the analysis presented, the transition towards more reflexive forms of planning in the public domain is set out as a must as well as a chance.