Abstract

This article explores the relationship between conspiracy theories and the broad conceptualization of nations and nationalism. Firstly, it highlights how nations as “imagined communitiesµ provide a fertile ground for conspiracy theories due to the interpretative space the imagination process offers. Secondly, it argues that, due to the ubiquity and pervasiveness of nationalism and the nation-state, events such as wars, pandemics, climate change, and immigration are often interpreted through a national perspective, which can amplify conspiratorial readings. Furthermore, these interpretations not only shape national perceptions but also influence state policymaking. This influence persists as, despite globalization and increased transnational connections, national language and media continue to arguably be the main vehicles shaping public opinion within nation-states. The article concludes by underscoring the deep-rooted connection between many conspiracy theories and nationalism’s structural elements such as nation, national identity, nation-state, and national security. It argues that to address these theories effectively, one must approach them within this comprehensive framework.