Abstract

This paper concerns the problem of the relationship between Machiavelli's "Discorsi" and Hobbe's "Discourse upon the Beginning of Tacitus". The main aim of this work is to show that Machiavelli and Hobbes had a common conception of human nature, but different political theories. The social and political paradigm of the author of "Il Principe" is based on the conflict between aristocracy and lower classes, whereas for Hobbes this conflict causes civil wars. So, while the Roman Republic is for Machiavelli the model of freedom and power, and the Empire is representative of the decadence of Rome, for Hobbes Augustus's monarchy is the only possible solution to stop civil wars and have peace and prosperity.