Abstract

The author search the relationship between Merleau-Ponty's philosophy and his political philosophy. Through an analysis of the concept of 'Life-world' and of the body-soul relation, Merleau-Ponty deconstructs and reformulates the subject-object dichotomy. This analysis of history and liberty is situated in its context and these concepts lead him to encounter Marx's philosophy, and especially the problem of praxis. The author shows how since the Fifthies, Merleau-Ponty radically rethinks Marxism through the notion of 'dialectical adventures' after an early enthusiasm for communism and the Bolscevic revolution; this rethinking is influenced by Luckás's 'History and class conscience' on one hand and by the works of Max Weber and Sartre on the other.