Abstract

In recent decades, the so-called “global megatrendsµ have been driving changes in vocational education and training systems, including apprenticeships. The analysis of such transformations – carried out in the framework of a study on some European countries, implemented by INAPP through the analysis of the scientific literature and institutional reports – allows us to identify points of convergence in the evolutionary trajectories of these systems. The policies adopted seem to have strengthened the quality of the training offer, while keeping a high level of attractiveness of apprenticeships, but at the same time reducing their inclusive capacity. Like other countries, Italy has been engaged for some years in the construction of an “Italian pathway to the dual systemµ. However, the policy measures adopted so far, and reiterated in the NRRP do not seem adequate to promote the inclusion of the most vulnerable young people, whereas they increase the risk of widening the territorial gaps in relation to the access to learning opportunities and quality employment for young people