Abstract

Every discussion of Jewish Diaspora is different if placed before or after the Age of Emancipation. Judaism is defined by three fundamental words. Torah (Law), People, Land. Erez Israel (Land of Israel) is a Holy Land if People obey the Law. People can obey the Law also outside the Land of Israel. The Jewish civilization owes much to the European culture, including the birth of Zionism. Today the most important problem of the Diaspora is constituted by its relationships with the State of Israel.