Keywords

• The translation of some text typologies seems to be based on an axiom: To be faithful
• a translation cannot be a word-for-word transcoding. This rule-of-thumb has been commonly accepted since antiquity. But
• what if we want to use it to establish a norm? Translation theories are not conflictual but synergetic. What is missing is a meta-theory of translation. Before this impasse
• it is preferable to proceed to a heuristic exam of the tools the translator may use
• rather than to an epistemological investigation on theories. Semiotics offers a way to abandon the word-for-word translation (deduction) or a quest of synonyms
• based on the semantic field (induction)
• using instead the category of abduction: a free reformulation
• which rises from a disciplined musing. This way
• the evidence of the â€
• œ
• right choiceâ€
• 
• confirms the axiom
• like a proof by contradiction
• as used in mathematical sciences