Keywords

• The tools offered by genetic criticism
• retracing the dynamic process in order to characterize the genesis of texts
• are useful tools in the translation process and
• particularly
• in the stage of understanding the original text. The preliminary documents and manuscripts may offer some alternatives in the investigation of what Nida called â€
• œ
• The closest possible equivalentâ€
• 
• as shown in the comparison of Raymond Queneauâ€
• ™
• s manuscripts of Blue Flowers and Italo Calvinoâ€
• ™
• s translation. The contribution of genetics to textual translation
• however
• does not limit the translatorâ€
• ™
• s freedom. Thanks to genetic analysis
• on the contrary
• the translator can find the necessary tools to overcome the obstacles of untranslatability
• to reduce the proliferation of assumptions
• and to avoid
• at the same time
• what Lewis defines â€
• œ
• abusive translationâ€
• 